What is MongoDB atomic operations

Model Data for Atomic Operations

The recommended approach to maintain atomicity would be to keep all the related information, which is frequently updated together in a single document using embedded documents. This would make sure that all the updates for a single document are atomic.

Assume we have created a collection with name productDetails and inserted a documents in it as shown below −

>db.createCollection("products")
{ "ok" : 1 }
> db.productDetails.insert(
	{
		"_id":1,
		"product_name": "Samsung S3",
		"category": "mobiles",
		"product_total": 5,
		"product_available": 3,
		"product_bought_by": [
			{
				"customer": "john",
				"date": "7-Jan-2014"
			},
			{
				"customer": "mark",
				"date": "8-Jan-2014"
			}
		]
	}
)
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
>

In this document, we have embedded the information of the customer who buys the product in the product_bought_by field. Now, whenever a new customer buys the product, we will first check if the product is still available using product_available field. If available, we will reduce the value of product_available field as well as insert the new customer’s embedded document in the product_bought_by field. We will use findAndModify command for this functionality because it searches and updates the document in the same go.

>db.products.findAndModify({ 
   query:{_id:2,product_available:{$gt:0}}, 
   update:{ 
      $inc:{product_available:-1}, 
      $push:{product_bought_by:{customer:"rob",date:"9-Jan-2014"}} 
   }    
}